NAD+
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
NAD+ is the central redox coenzyme in cellular energy metabolism and a required substrate for sirtuins and PARP enzymes. Tissue NAD+ levels decline with age, which has made it a focus of longevity research. Supplied lyophilized, one 1000mg vial.
About NAD+
NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is not a peptide but a coenzyme present in every living cell. It is the central electron carrier of energy metabolism — shuttling between its oxidised (NAD+) and reduced (NADH) forms in glycolysis, the citric-acid cycle and the mitochondrial electron transport chain — and it is also consumed as a substrate by enzyme families that regulate DNA repair, gene expression and cell signalling.
Cellular NAD+ levels fall with age in many tissues, and restoring them is one of the most active areas of ageing research. Most human studies use precursors such as nicotinamide riboside or NMN; the dinucleotide itself is used in laboratory work on mitochondrial function, sirtuin activity and cellular energetics. It is supplied here lyophilized in a 1000 mg vial.
Mechanism
As a redox cofactor NAD+ accepts electrons in catabolic reactions and NADH donates them to complex I of the respiratory chain to make ATP. As a substrate it is consumed by sirtuins (SIRT1–7), which deacetylate proteins including histones and PGC-1α; by PARP enzymes during DNA repair; and by CD38 and SARM1, the main NAD-consuming enzymes implicated in its age-related decline.
Areas of research
- Essential coenzyme for oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis
- Substrate for sirtuin deacetylases studied in ageing biology
- Investigated for mitochondrial function and DNA-repair pathways
- Large-format 1g vial for extended research protocols
References
- Covarrubias AJ, Perrone R, Grozio A, Verdin E. NAD+ metabolism and its roles in cellular processes during ageing. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2021;22(2):119-141. PubMed
- Yoshino J, Baur JA, Imai SI. NAD+ intermediates: the biology and therapeutic potential of NMN and NR. Cell Metab. 2018;27(3):513-528. PubMed
Research use only. Information on this page is provided for educational and research purposes and summarises published literature, mostly from cell and animal studies; it is not a claim of efficacy or safety. Products are not intended for human or veterinary use, or for any diagnostic or therapeutic purpose.
Molecular details
- Class
- Dinucleotide coenzyme
- Molecular formula
- C21H27N7O14P2
- Molecular weight
- 663.4 g/mol
- CAS number
- 53-84-9
- Form
- Lyophilized powder, 1000 mg per vial
Storage
Lyophilized: store cool, dark and dry — refrigeration is ideal. Once reconstituted, refrigerate at 2–8 °C.
Reconstitution
Reconstitute with bacteriostatic water. Dissolve fully before use.
Handling
Very water-soluble; a 1000 mg vial dissolves in 5–10 mL of bacteriostatic water (200–100 mg/mL). NAD+ is unstable in solution — it hydrolyses faster at neutral-to-alkaline pH and at room temperature — so keep the lyophilized vial refrigerated or frozen, reconstitute only what is needed, and keep solution cold and protected from light.
Details
NAD+ · 1000mg
Cellular Energy & Longevity
Lyophilized powder, sealed vial
